Measuring financial performance through operating business efficiency in the global cruise industry: A fuzzy benchmarking study on the “big three”

Surprisingly, despite extensive research on the impacts of COVID-19 on the hospitality industry, no study develops financial performance benchmarks that reflect these effects. This research seeks to fill this gap by examining the financial performance of companies in the shipping sector, specifically the cruise sub-sector. The "three biggest players" in the sector are the focus of this analysis. Benchmarking is essential for both existing market participants and potential new entrants. Fuzzy methods are used in modeling situations that involve uncertainty. The findings indicate that the three companies' operations must be redesigned in order to produce income and pay off debts. Additionally, Carnival Corporation's resilience is evident in times of crisis, as it demonstrates the best growth prospects, remains dominant in terms of liquidity, presents the highest return on assets, and borrows less than the other two companies.     

Analyzing the emotional impact of COVID-19 with Twitter data: Lessons from a B-VAR analysis on Italy

The novel coronavirus 2019 revolutionized the way of living and the communication of people making social media a popular tool to express concerns and perceptions. Starting from this context we built an original database based on the Twitter users’ emotions shown in the early weeks of the pandemic in Italy. Specifically, using a single index we measured the feelings of four groups of stakeholders (journalists, people, doctors, and politicians), in three groups of Italian regions (0,1,2), grouped according to the impact of the COVID-19 crises as defined by the Conte Government Ministerial Decree (8^th March 2020). We then applied B-VAR techniques to analyze the sentiment relationships between the groups of stakeholders in every Region Groups. Results show a high influence of doctors at the beginning of the epidemic in the Group that includes most of Italian regions (Group 0), and in Lombardy that has been the region of Italy hit the most by the pandemic (Group 2). Our outcomes suggest that, given the role played by stakeholders and the COVID-19 magnitude, health policy interventions based on communication strategies may be used as best practices to develop regional mitigation plans for the containment and contrast of epidemiological emergencies.     

实施紧密经贸活动下的人民币与港元互动分析

从汇率入手,通过建立VAR模型,对实施紧密经贸安排前后两阶段的人民币与港元汇率进行Johnsen协整检验和Granger因果检验,重点研究两者汇率的波动性和相关性呈现出的新特点.结果表明,加强内地和香港经贸合作之后,人民币汇率与港元汇率表现出长期的均衡关系,且存在时间上的相互引导.     

Help! Lonely at work: Managerial interventions to combat employee loneliness

Loneliness is a rampant and modern epidemic that affects the majority of employed adults and shows no signs of subsiding. Loneliness not only contributes to numerous health problems—including anxiety, depression, heart failure, and suicide—but can also cause greater employee stress, cynicism, distrust, and decreased job performance, as well as higher turnover and absenteeism. Loneliness-prompted absenteeism singlehandedly costs employers billions of dollars a year in lost productivity. Consequently, understanding and managing workplace loneliness is of paramount importance for leaders. A review of the causes and outcomes associated with workplace loneliness is provided in this article, as well as three evidence-based interventions that can help reduce workplace loneliness: (1) fostering opportunities for relationship building, (2) increasing support around evolving work contexts, and (3) fortifying a people-focused organizational culture. By presenting research-based guidance, we help leaders combat on-the-job loneliness faced by employees, as well as managers; generate healthier work environments; and cultivate improved individual, team, and organizational performance.     

Contagion testing in frontier markets under alternative stressful S&P 500 market scenarios

We use alternative approaches to identify stable and stressful scenarios in the S&P 500 market, to offer a new perspective for constructing contagion tests in recipient frontier markets vulnerable to disturbances from this source market. The S&P 500 market is decomposed into discrete conditions of: (1) tranquil versus turbulent volatility; (2) bull versus bear market phases; (3) normal periods versus asset bubbles and crashes. Based on these identified scenarios, we use various co-moment contagion tests to analyse the changing relationship between the S&P 500 market and major frontier markets in the Caribbean region that have prominent trade related exposure to the US. Our findings show that, outside of the events of the Great Recession, the Caribbean stock exchanges are largely independent of the S&P 500 market.     

A compassion-centric behavioral agency perspective for organizations in times of crisis

In times of crisis, organizations face a dilemma: How should they balance between minimizing losses and surviving financially, and acting for the benefit of all stakeholders and of society at large? In theory, managers should balance between multiple demands, forgoing short-term profits to address human needs when necessary. But in practice, managers may face challenges in balancing demands during a crisis. Combining the stakeholder-agency and compassion perspectives in the context of crisis management, we present the compassion-centric behavioral agency in crisis (CCBAC) framework to address this theory-practice gap. We suggest three levers for organizations and policymakers to encourage this behavior from organizations: developing and using technological and innovation capabilities, paradoxical leadership behaviors, and employee well-being and generosity programs. Organizations benefit from the CCBAC framework because they become better positioned to maintain their long-term competitive advantage and positive organizational identity while contributing to the needs of society. Policymakers benefit from incentivizing such organizations because they serve as an intermediary to achieve outcomes for society at large. Throughout this article, we use the COVID-19 pandemic, responses to mass shootings, and other example crises to highlight the tension and opportunity within our “both/and” approach. We conclude that organizations can be compassionate even as they pursue profit and efficiency in the long run.     

A social media analysis of travel preferences and attitudes,before and during Covid-19

Covid-19 created tremendous uncertainty in the tourism industry; in this study, we use social media data to explore differences in the preferences and attitudes of tourism consumers, both before and during the pandemic. We use natural language processing (NLP) techniques to analyze over one million Reddit posts on travel-related subreddits. We investigate the preference for city and nature-oriented tourism in selected destinations; the analysis demonstrates that nature tourism gained interest during Covid-19 in destinations with rich nature resources, whereas city tourism lost interest in destinations known for city tourism. We also classify Reddit authors into two categories: conservation and openness, according to a psychological theory of personal values, and show that this is predictive, with openness associated with positive travel sentiment and low risk awareness. This points to the potential for value-based segmentation of travel consumers based on theoretically-grounded NLP analysis of social media data.     

Housing booms and bank growth

The rapid increase in U.S. house prices during the 2001–2006 period was accompanied by a historically rapid expansion of bank assets. We exploit cross-regional variation in local housing booms to study how housing demand shocks affected the growth of the banking sector. We estimate the effect of housing demand shocks that are orthogonal to observed non-housing demand shocks and credit supply shocks in each bank’s market area. We employ several instrumental variables that plausibly identify variation in local housing demand that is exogenous to local banks. We find that the housing boom had a large effect on bank asset growth—the cross-regional elasticity of bank growth with respect to housing demand shocks is around 0.6. The regional elasticity estimate suggests that housing demand shocks can potentially account for a large fraction of the growth of the banking sector during this period.